Quartz 5

第一周：练习

21 min read

第一周：练习

练习说明

练习方式：中译英 或 改写，二选一。

步骤：先自己写 → 对照批改找差距 → 重点看标红错误和正确写法。

让步：It seems/seemed that…

句型模板

It seems that everyone takes it as read that + 完整陈述句

练习 1：中译英

题目

图片里的年轻人都理所当然地认为，手机成瘾是有害的。

参考主题词

phone addiction, harmful, everyone, take it as read

你的答案

It seemed that every young person in the picture took it as read that addiction of electric device is harmful.

正确写法

It seems that every young person in the picture takes it as read that phone addiction is harmful.

批改反馈

  • ❌ addiction of electric device → phone addiction 或 addiction to phones
  • ❌ seemed / took → seems / takes（图片描述用一般现在时）
  • ❌ electric device 不地道 → phones

为什么

take it as read 表”理所当然地认为”；图片描述通常用一般现在时。

练习 2：改写

题目

普通句：Everyone thinks that buying books can help us improve ourselves.

改写：用 It seems that everyone takes it as read that... 表达”大家都理所当然地认为”。

你的答案

It seems that everyone takes it as read that buying books can help us improve ourselves;

正确写法

It seems that everyone takes it as read that buying books can help us improve ourselves.

批改反馈

  • ❌ 句尾多了分号 ; → 用句号结尾

补充论据：…is never easy…

句型模板

Doing sth is never easy, and it is made even harder by dint of the fact that + 完整陈述句

练习 1：中译英

题目

备考从来不是一件容易的事，更何况你因为想被更好的学校录取而已经精疲力竭。

参考主题词

prepare for exams, rack one’s brain, exhausted, be admitted by a better school

你的答案

Preparing is never easy, and it's made even harder by dint of the fact that you have exhausted to be admitted into extradinary school.

正确写法

Preparing for exams is never easy, and it is made even harder by dint of the fact that you might be exhausted from expecting to be admitted to a better school.

批改反馈

  • ❌ Preparing 缺宾语 → Preparing for exams
  • ❌ you have exhausted → you are exhausted 或 you might be exhausted（exhausted 是形容词）
  • ❌ exhausted to be admitted → exhausted from expecting to be admitted
  • ❌ extradinary 拼写错误 → extraordinary

为什么

动名词短语作主语要完整；be exhausted from 表”因……而疲惫”。

练习 2：改写

题目

普通句：Maintaining our cultural identity is difficult, especially when we face cultural shocks.

改写：用 ...is never easy, and it is made even harder by dint of the fact that... 结构。

你的答案

It's never easy to maintain our cultural identity, and it is made even harder by dint of the fact that we face cultural shocks.

正确写法

Maintaining our unique cultural identity is never easy, and it is made even harder by dint of the fact that we are experiencing all kinds of cultural shocks from other countries.

批改反馈

  • ⚠️ 语法没错，但原模板强调 Doing sth is never easy...，动名词开头更贴合。
  • ⚠️ face cultural shocks 可以，但 experience 更地道，用进行体更自然。

为什么

用动名词作主语更贴合模板；experience cultural shocks 比 face 更地道。

过渡：The costs of…

句型模板

Yet the costs of sth may be even greater than previously thought.

练习 1：中译英

题目

然而，先污染后治理的代价，可能比我们之前预想的还要大。

参考主题词

pollute the environment first, restore, cost, previously thought

你的答案

Yet the cost of covering environment after polluting may be even greater than previously thought.

正确写法

Yet the costs of restoring the damaged environment from scratch may be even greater than previously thought.

批改反馈

  • ❌ covering environment → restoring the environment
  • ⚠️ the cost 可以，但模板常用复数 the costs

为什么

restore the environment 是”修复环境”；from scratch 是”从零开始”。

练习 2：改写

题目

普通句：We should not ignore the communication with our children.

改写：用 The costs of... 引出”忽视亲子沟通”的代价。

你的答案

Yet the cost of ignoring the communicaion with our children may be even greater than previously thought.

正确写法

Yet the costs of ignoring the communication with our children may be even greater than previously thought.

批改反馈

  • ❌ communicaion 拼写错误 → communication
  • ✅ 其他基本正确。

关于你的困惑

这里可以用 thought 吗？than 后面可以增加 (we) previously thought 吗？

than previously thought 是固定省略表达，完整等于 than (it was) previously thought (to be)。也可以写成 than we previously thought，但学术句型里更常用省略形式。

罗列成因：Behind… are…

句型模板

Behind sth are all the catalysts you would expect: A, B, and C.

练习 1：中译英

题目

城市公园数量激增的背后，是我们预期中的那些催化剂：人们对公共绿地的需求、政策的支持、生活水平的提高。

参考主题词

increase in parks, public green space, policy support, living standard

你的答案

Behind the skyrocket of city park are all the catalysts you would expect: people's requirement of public green occasion, the encouragement of public policy and the improvement of status quo.

正确写法

Behind the surge in the number of city parks are all the catalysts you would expect: people's growing demand for public green space, policy support, and the improvement of living standards.

批改反馈

  • ❌ skyrocket 是动词，不能直接当名词用 → the surge in the number of city parks
  • ❌ city park → city parks
  • ❌ requirement of → demand for
  • ❌ public green occasion → public green space
  • ❌ improvement of status quo 不自然 → improvement of living standards

为什么

demand for 是固定搭配；living standards 是”生活水平”。

练习 2：改写

题目

普通句：Many factors cause young people to lose interest in traditional opera.

改写：用 Behind... are... 倒装结构，列举”缺乏传统文化推广”和”短视频平台过于繁荣”等原因。

你的答案

Behind the phenomenon of young people to lose interest in traditionall opera are several reasons(all the catalysts) you would expect: the (兴起/一时想不到)popularity() of digital device,

正确写法

Behind the phenomenon of young people losing interest in traditional opera are all the catalysts you would expect: the lack of promoting traditional culture and the excessive prosperity of short-video platforms.

批改反馈

  • ❌ young people to lose interest → young people losing interest
  • ❌ traditionall 拼写错误 → traditional
  • ⚠️ several reasons 和 all the catalysts 混用，建议按模板用 all the catalysts
  • ❌ 句子未完成，需补全后半部分

为什么

of + 动名词 结构；all the catalysts you would expect 是模板表达。

批判归因：…is very likely to be partly to blame

句型模板

Sth is very likely to be partly to blame, making ... than they would otherwise have been.

练习 1：中译英

题目

父母用手机来安抚孩子、缓解压力的习惯，很可能是部分原因，这使得孩子更早接触到现代流行文化。

参考主题词

give children cellphones, relieve stress, partly to blame, modern culture

你的答案

Parent's habit of using phone to alievate child's pressure is very likely to be partly to blame, making child touches modern popular cultre than they would otherwie have been.

正确写法

The bad habit of giving children cellphones to relieve their stress is very likely to be partly to blame, making children have more contact with modern culture than they would otherwise have been.

批改反馈

  • ❌ Parent's → Parents'（复数所有格）
  • ❌ using phone → giving children phones 或 using phones
  • ❌ alievate 拼写错误 → alleviate
  • ❌ making child touches → making children have more contact（make sb do sth）
  • ❌ cultre 拼写错误 → culture
  • ❌ otherwie 拼写错误 → otherwise

关于你的困惑

than they would otherwise have been 是虚拟语气。otherwise = “如果没有前面提到的原因”；they would have been = “它们本会处于的状态”。整句意思是：这个习惯让孩子比”没有这个习惯”的情况下更早接触现代文化。

练习 2：改写

题目

普通句：Global warming makes heatwaves hotter.

改写：用 ...is very likely to be partly to blame 表达”全球变暖很可能是部分原因”。

你的答案

Global warming is very likely to be partly to blame, making heatwaves hotter than it would otherwise have been.

正确写法

Global warming is very likely to be partly to blame, making heatwaves hotter than they would otherwise have been.

批改反馈

  • ❌ it 指代错误 → they（heatwaves 是复数）

关于你的困惑

依旧不理解这个后面 making sth than sth would otherwise have been 是个什么东西？

这是 “making + 宾语 + 宾补 + than 比较状语从句” 的结构。than they would otherwise have been 把”实际状态”和”假设状态”作对比：they 指 heatwaves，would have been 是虚拟语气，表示”如果没有全球变暖，热浪本会达到的温度”。简单说就是：全球变暖让热浪比”没有全球变暖时”更热了。

观点总起：…should be welcomed

句型模板

That + 句子 + should be welcomed for many reasons, including...

练习 1：中译英

题目

传统文化在年轻人中重新流行，这件事应当被肯定，原因有很多。

参考主题词

traditional culture, thrive among young people, welcome, for many reasons

你的答案

That traditional culture has prevailed again among the young people should be welcome for many reasons, including …….

正确写法

That traditional culture has revived among young people should be welcomed for many reasons, including its role in preserving cultural heritage.

批改反馈

  • ❌ prevailed again → revived 或 made a comeback（prevail 是”盛行、占上风”，不是”重新流行”）
  • ❌ the young people → young people（泛指不用 the）
  • ❌ should be welcome → should be welcomed（模板是被动语态，welcome 作动词时过去分词是 welcomed）
  • ❌ including ……. 省略号要补全具体内容，不能留 ……

为什么

welcome 可作动词/形容词/名词。模板 should be welcomed 中 welcomed 是过去分词表被动；revive（动词）= 复苏、重新流行。

练习 2：改写

题目

普通句：Sign languages are thriving. This is a good thing.

改写：用 That sign languages are thriving should be welcomed for many reasons... 结构。

你的答案

That sign languages are thriving should be welcomed for many reasons, including

正确写法

That sign languages are thriving should be welcomed for many reasons, including their role in promoting inclusivity for the deaf community.

批改反馈

  • ❌ 句子未完成，including 后面必须补内容
  • ✅ That + 句子 + should be welcomed 主语从句结构正确

为什么

including 是介词，后面接名词/动名词短语，不能空着。写作时若临时想不出，可套”their role in doing sth”（它们在……中的作用）。

乐观总结：It is too early to say…

句型模板

It is too early to say what good sth will do, but this alone gives one reason to be optimistic.

练习 1：中译英

题目

现在说快递行业会带来什么好处还为时尚早，但这本身就给了我们一个乐观的理由。

参考主题词

delivery business, develop, too early to say, optimistic

你的答案

It's to early to say what good the delivery industry will do, but this alone gives one reason to be optimistic.

正确写法

It is too early to say what good the delivery industry will do, but this alone gives one reason to be optimistic.

批改反馈

  • ❌ to early → too early（too 是副词修饰形容词；to 是介词/不定式符号）
  • ⚠️ It's → 正式写作用 It is
  • ✅ 其他基本正确，what good ... will do 结构套用到位

为什么

too（副词）= 过于；to（介词/不定式）= 到、为了。两者同音但词性不同，too + 形容词 表程度。

练习 2：改写

题目

普通句：Electric cars can protect the environment.

改写：用 It is too early to say... 表达”现在下结论还早，但值得乐观”。

你的答案

It's too early to say whether electirc cars can protect the environment, but it alone gives one reason to be optimistic.

正确写法

It is too early to say whether electric cars can protect the environment, but this alone gives one reason to be optimistic.

批改反馈

  • ❌ electirc 拼写错误 → electric
  • ❌ it alone → this alone（this 指代上文整件事；it 指代不明确）
  • ⚠️ It's → 正式写作用 It is
  • ✅ 用 whether 引导宾语从句改写合理

为什么

this（指示代词）可指代上文整个事件/观点；it 多指代前文出现的特定名词。这里指”电动车能否保护环境这件事”，用 this 更贴切。

观点/结尾：…turn … into …

句型模板

Sth can turn opportunity into disaster.
Sth can turn our fantasy of ... into a possible reality.

练习 1：中译英

题目

如果我们全力以赴，就能把缩小城乡差距的幻想变成可能实现的现实。

参考主题词

do our utmost, narrow the gap, fantasy, possible reality

你的答案

That we thrive (全力以赴不会写) can turn the fantasy of minimize the urban-countryside's gap into a possible reality.

正确写法

If we do our utmost, we can turn the fantasy of narrowing the urban-rural gap into a possible reality.

批改反馈

  • ❌ thrive ≠ 全力以赴 → do our utmost / spare no effort / go all out（thrive = 繁荣、茁壮成长）
  • ❌ fantasy of minimize → fantasy of narrowing（of 是介词，后接动名词）
  • ❌ urban-countryside's gap 不地道 → the urban-rural gap 或 the gap between urban and rural areas
  • ⚠️ 题目”如果”是条件句，用 If we... 比 That we... 主语从句更自然

关于"全力以赴不会写"

三个同义表达，记一个即可：

  • do one's utmost（动词短语，utmost 是名词”极致”）
  • spare no effort to do / in doing（spare 是动词”吝惜、省”）
  • go all out to do（动词短语）

of 作为介词，后面必须接名词/动名词，所以 of + minimize → of + narrowing。

练习 2：改写

题目

普通句：Teamwork can make our society harmonious.

改写：用 ...turn...into... 结构，把”混乱的社会”变成”和谐的社会”。

你的答案

Teamwork can turns the disorder society into harmony one.

正确写法

Teamwork can turn a chaotic society into a harmonious one.

批改反馈

  • ❌ can turns → can turn（情态动词后接动词原形）
  • ❌ disorder society → chaotic society 或 disorderly society（disorder 是名词，不能直接修饰名词，要用形容词）
  • ❌ harmony one → harmonious one（harmony 是名词，形容词是 harmonious）
  • ❌ the disorder society → a chaotic society（泛指用 a，不是特指）

为什么

名词修饰名词有讲究：

  • disorder（名词）→ 形容词 disorderly 或换用 chaotic
  • harmony（名词）→ 形容词 harmonious

情态动词（can/may/must/should）后必须接动词原形，三单也不加 s。

图表描述：Interest in… is waning

句型模板

Interest in sth wanes.   // wax and wane(decline)：descripe The Moon
Interest in doing sth has waned in..., with the proportion dropping from A to B.

练习 1：中译英

题目

随着网购越来越流行，人们对实体店购物的兴趣正在减退。

参考主题词

online shopping, interest, physical stores, wane

你的答案

People's interest in shopping in real (店铺不会写) wanes, with the online shopping prevailing.

正确写法

People's interest in shopping at physical stores is waning, with online shopping becoming increasingly popular.

批改反馈

  • ❌ shopping in real 不完整 → shopping at physical stores（实体店 = physical stores / brick-and-mortar stores）
  • ❌ the online shopping → online shopping（泛指不用 the）
  • ⚠️ wanes 描述趋势用进行时更自然 → is waning
  • ⚠️ with the online shopping prevailing 可以，但 with online shopping becoming increasingly popular 更自然

关于"店铺不会写"

实体店的几种表达：

  • physical stores（最常用）
  • brick-and-mortar stores（强调有实体店面，对比电商）
  • offline stores

描述正在变化的趋势，动词用进行时（is waning / is declining）比一般现在时更贴切。

练习 2：改写

题目

普通句：Fewer university students are doing part-time jobs. The percentage dropped from 40% to 20%.

改写：用 Interest in... is waning, with the proportion dropping from...to... 结构。

你的答案

University students' interest in doing part-time job wanes, with the percentage dropping from 40% to 20 %.

正确写法

University students' interest in doing part-time jobs is waning, with the proportion dropping from 40% to 20%.

批改反馈

  • ❌ doing part-time job → doing part-time jobs（可数名词单数不能裸用，要加 a 或用复数）
  • ⚠️ wanes → is waning（趋势用进行时）
  • ⚠️ the percentage → the proportion（模板用 proportion，指”占比”更准确）
  • ❌ 20 % → 20%（百分号前不加空格）

为什么

job 是可数名词，单数必须加冠词（a part-time job）或用复数（part-time jobs）。

percentage 侧重”百分数”（数值本身）；proportion 侧重”占比、份额”，图表描述中 proportion 与 dropping from…to… 搭配更地道。

使用建议

  • 先写后看：自己写完一句，再翻回主笔记或学生例句对照差距。
  • 不要背答案：重点是把句型结构套进不同主题。
  • 主动换主题：同一个句型，用考研真题的另外一幅图再练一遍。
  • 标记错误：写完后自查主谓一致、成分是否完整、that/what/how 是否用对。

纠正格式示例

后续反馈会按这个格式给出

  • 你的答案：原样贴回，错误处用 红色 标出。
  • 批改反馈：用 > [!danger] 列出错误和正确写法。
  • 正确写法：用 > [!example] 给出完整句子。
  • 为什么/困惑：用 > [!hint] 解释语法或搭配原因。

Graph View